What enables blue-green algae to grow in water bodies?

Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, thrive in water bodies primarily due to the presence of high nutrient levels, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus. These nutrients can often originate from agricultural runoff, wastewater discharge, and other sources that enrich the water. When these nutrients are abundant, they provide an ideal environment for blue-green algae to flourish, leading to algal blooms.

In contrast, while oxygen levels, water temperature, and sediment can influence aquatic ecosystems, they are not the main drivers for the growth of blue-green algae. High levels of oxygen are typically more favorable for aerobic organisms and do not specifically promote blue-green algae proliferation. Low water temperatures can inhibit algal growth, as many species flourish in warmer conditions. High sediment levels, while potentially affecting light penetration and water quality, do not directly support the nutrient requirements for blue-green algae. Instead, it's the nutrient availability that serves as the primary factor for their growth in aquatic environments.