What is the role of a coagulant in water treatment?

The role of a coagulant in water treatment is crucial for improving water quality. Coagulants are chemicals that are added to water to destabilize and aggregate suspended particles, forming larger clumps known as flocs. This aggregation process enhances the ability to remove impurities from the water through sedimentation and filtration. By converting tiny suspended particles into larger clusters, coagulants facilitate the separation of these particles from the water, leading to clearer and cleaner treated water.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary function of coagulants in water treatment. Adding flavor is unrelated to the chemical composition and purpose of coagulants, cooling the water does not involve the coagulation process, and sterilization refers to killing pathogens, which is typically achieved using disinfectants, not coagulants.