Which chemical is commonly used to control algae growth in water bodies?

Copper sulfate is a widely used chemical for controlling algae growth in water bodies due to its effectiveness as an algaecide. It works by disrupting the cellular processes of algae, leading to their elimination from the water. This compound is particularly effective in freshwater systems, where it can help manage excessive algae blooms that can affect water quality, oxygen levels, and aquatic life.

The use of copper sulfate in water treatment must be managed carefully, as it can also impact other aquatic organisms and the overall ecosystem if applied inappropriately. Its application helps maintain the balance of the aquatic environment, ensuring that algae do not reach detrimental levels that can lead to problems such as eutrophication.

In contrast, chlorine is primarily used as a disinfectant rather than an algaecide, targeting bacteria and viruses. Calcium carbonate is more associated with adjusting pH and hardness levels in water rather than controlling algae. Fluoride is added to drinking water for dental health benefits, not for algae control. Thus, copper sulfate stands out as the correct choice for managing algae growth effectively.